I-Japan Koi Feed Ring Die Pellet Mill: Umgangatho wePellet ochanekileyo kwiifama zaseNishikigoi | Hongyang

Ishishini leentlanzi zokuhombisa laseJapan, elisekelwe yiNishikigoi (i-koi carp) eyaziwayo kwihlabathi liphela, limele indawo ephambili kwicandelo lezolimo zasemanzini ngokubanzi. IJapan ithumele ngaphandle malunga neetoni ezingama-560 zeentlanzi zokuhombisa eziphilayo ngo-2024, apho i-koi ibiza ngaphezulu kwe-80% yexabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle ngokwedatha yorhwebo lweSebe lezoLimo, amaHlathi kunye nokuLoba laseJapan. Imarike yokutya kwe-koi yasekhaya—eqikelelwa kwiitoni ezili-12,000 ukuya kwi-15,000 ngonyaka—ifuna ii-pellet mills ezikwaziyo ukuvelisa ii-pellets ezidadayo ezinobunzima obuchanekileyo, uzinzo oluphezulu lwamanzi, kunye nokuhambelana okulinganayo kwezondlo kwiipellets ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kwi-2 mm ukuya kwi-8 mm.

Olu phononongo lwetyala luhlola indlela umenzi wesondlo se-koi eNiigata Prefecture, indawo yokuzalwa kweNishikigoi, aphumelele ngayo ukuphucuka okulinganiselweyo kumgangatho we-pellet kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso emva kokuqalisa ii-Hongyang HYPM ring die pellet mills kumgca wazo wokutya kweentlanzi zokuhombisa. Kwisithuba seenyanga ezili-14 zokusebenza, le mill irekhode ixesha lokusebenza le-98.3%, ukuphambuka kobukhulu be-pellet ngaphantsi kwe-0.15 mm, kunye nokuzinza kwamanzi okudlule iiyure ezi-4—imilinganiselo exhasa ngokuthe ngqo imigangatho echanekileyo yabafuyi bee-koi abangochwephesha baseJapan kunye nabantu abathanda ukuzithanda ngokufanayo.

Imvelaphi: Ishishini leKoi Feed laseJapan

Ishishini laseJapan iNishikigoi lisekwe kwiSithili saseNiigata, apho ukufuywa kweentaka ezinemibala kwaqala khona ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 kummandla waseYamakoshi. Namhlanje, iJapan ibamba abafuyi beenkowa ababhalisiweyo abangaphezu kwe-1,500, uninzi lwabo lugxile kwiindawo zaseNiigata, eHiroshima, naseFukuoka. Imarike yekoi yasekhaya ixabisa malunga ne-30 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngonyaka, kunye nemizekelo yomgangatho obonakalayo ebiza amaxabiso ukusuka kwi-500,000 yeerandi ukuya kwi-100 yezigidi zeerandi kwifandesi.

Le marike ixabisa kakhulu ibeka iimfuno ezingaqhelekanga kumgangatho wesondlo. IiKoi zixatyiswa ngenxa yombala wazo ocacileyo, ukucaca kwepateni, ukukhazimla kolusu, kunye nokwakheka komzimba—zonke iimpawu ezichatshazelwa ngqo sisondlo. Ifomyula yekoi yeprimiyamu emeleyo iqulethe isidlo seentlanzi kwi-35-40% yesabelo, umgubo wengqolowa kwi-15-20% esebenza njengomthombo we-carbohydrate kunye ne-binder yendalo, isidlo sesoya kwi-10-15%, i-rice bran kwi-5-10%, i-spirulina kwi-3-5% yokuphucula umbala osekelwe kwi-carotenoid, isidlo sekrill kwi-3-5% njengomthombo wendalo we-astaxanthin, kunye nomxube we-vitamin-mineral oquka i-vitamin C ezinzileyo yokusebenza komzimba.

Iinkcukacha zomzimba zeepellets zokutya ze-koi nazo zifuna kakhulu. Iipellets ezidadayo kufuneka zihlale zithambile ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ukuze kuvunyelwe ukujongwa kokutya—indlela ebalulekileyo ekukhuliseni ii-koi apho abafuyi bejonga ngokubonakalayo indlela yokutya njengesibonakaliso esiphambili sempilo yeentlanzi. Ububanzi beepellet buqala kwi-2 mm kwi-tosai encinci (intlanzi enonyaka omnye ubudala) ukuya kwi-8 mm kwi-jumbo koi ekhulileyo edlula ubude be-80 cm. Ngaphakathi kodidi ngalunye lobungakanani, ukunyamezela ububanzi akufuneki kudlule i-±0.2 mm ukuqinisekisa ukondliwa okufanayo kunye nokuthintela ukhuphiswano olusekelwe kubungakanani ngaphakathi kwamachibi. Uzinzo lwamanzi—olulinganiswa njengoko ubude beepellets buhlala bungaguquki ngaphandle kokuqhekeka—kufuneka kudlule iiyure ezi-2 ukuthintela ukungcoliswa kwamanzi echibini, okuthi kwiinkqubo ze-aquaculture ezijikelezayo ezivaliweyo zinokunyusa ngokukhawuleza amanqanaba e-ammonia kwaye zixinzelele isitokhwe esixabisa kakhulu.

Umthengi: Ingcali yeKoi Feed esekwe eNiigata

Umthengi wethu, umenzi wesondlo sesizukulwana sesibini osebenza kwiSixeko saseNagaoka, kwiSithili saseNiigata, uvelisa malunga neetoni ezingama-3,500 zokutya kwe-koi ngonyaka. Uluhlu lwemveliso yabo lugubungela ubungakanani beepellet ezintandathu kumanqanaba amathathu emveliso—esemgangathweni, ekumgangatho ophezulu, kunye nenqanaba lokhuphiswano—ekhonza abafuyi bee-koi abamalunga ne-180 kulo lonke elaseJapan, kunye nokwanda kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwiimarike zaseMzantsi-mpuma Asia kuquka iThailand, iIndonesia, kunye neMalaysia.

Ngasekupheleni kuka-2024, umthengi uchonge iingxaki ezintathu zokusebenza kumgca wakhe wokufaka iipellets:

Ukunxiba Iimpahla Ezinxitywayo kunye Nokujika Kobukhulu Beepellet: Iiperile zabo zesiqhelo zibonakalise ukwandiswa kwemingxuma yokufa okulinganisekayo emva kweeyure zokusebenza ezimalunga nama-800. Njengoko imingxunya yokufa yayikhula, ububanzi bepellet badlula ukunyamezelana kwe-±0.2 mm, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba iipellets ezinkulu ziphazamise ukufana kokutya. Abafuyi beentlobo ngeentlobo babeqalile ukubuyisela iibhetshi ezinobubanzi obugqithisileyo—uphuhliso olonakalisa urhwebo kwimarike eqhutywa ludumo.

Ukungaguquguquki Kokuzinza Kwamanzi: Ukuzinza kwamanzi okufezekisiweyo kwahluka phakathi kweeyure ezili-1.5 nezingama-3.5 kuxhomekeke kubushushu bokufa kunye neemeko zokulungisa. Iipellets eziveliswa ngexesha lokuveliswa okude—xa ubushushu bokufa bunyuke ngaphezu kwama-85°C—zibonise i-gelatinization ephezulu yesitatshi kunye nokuzinza kwamanzi, ngelixa iibhetshi zokuqala ukushintshwa zihlala ziwela ngaphantsi kweeyure ezi-2. Oku kuguquguquka kwebhetshi ukuya kwibhetshi kutshabalalise ukuzithemba komfuyi ekuhambelaneni kwemveliso.

Ukuveliswa kweeFines kwiPakethe: Ukufakwa okuphezulu kwesidlo seentlanzi kwi-35-40% kwifomyula yokutya kwe-koi kudala isakhiwo se-pellet esiqhekekayo. Ngeedayi zazo ezikhoyo, umxholo wefines emva kokupholisa ufikelele kwi-4-5%, uqokelelana kwiingxowa kwaye udala izikhalazo zabathengi malunga nokubonakala kwemveliso kunye nexabiso elibonwayo. Kwimarike yaseJapan enomdla wokuboniswa, iingxowa ezinothuli zibonisa umgangatho ophantsi wokwenziwa nokuba umxholo wesondlo ungakanani na.

Isisombululo saseHongyang: I-HYPM Series Ring Die Pellet Mill

Umthengi ukhethe ii-Hongyang HYPM series ring die pellet mills ezinee-dies ezilungiselelwe injongo ethile zokuvelisa ukutya kweentlanzi zokuhombisa. Uqwalaselo lujongane nomngeni ngamnye wokusebenza ngokukhetha ubunjineli obuthile:

Izinto zokuDaya kunye nokuLungiselela ukuSebenza: Ii-ring dies ezibonelelwe yiHongyang ezenziwe ngentsimbi ye-alloy ye-X46Cr13 enonyango lobushushu lwe-vacuum olufikelela kubunzima bomphezulu obuyi-58-60 HRC. Uburhabaxa bomphezulu wangaphakathi we-die hole bulawulwe kwi-Ra ≤ 0.8 μm ngenkqubo yokuhombisa enamanqanaba amaninzi. Kwisicelo se-koi feed, iqela lobunjineli likaHongyang lichaze ulungiselelo lwe-die hole olune-compression ratio ye-1:10 kuluhlu lwe-pellet ye-2-4 mm kunye ne-1:12 kuluhlu lwe-5-8 mm, olubala umxholo ophezulu wamafutha kwi-premium formulations—ukusuka kwi-fish meal kunye ne-krill meal—okunciphisa ngokwendalo ukumelana nokungqubana kwi-die channel. Umlinganiselo ophezulu wokuxinana uhlawulela isiphumo sokuthambisa se-fish oils, ukuqinisekisa uxinano oluhambelanayo lwe-pellet kuzo zonke iintlobo zobukhulu.

Ukuhlanganiswa kweNkqubo yokuLungisa: Inkqubo ye-HYPM idityaniswe ne-double-shaft differential conditioner enika ixesha lokugcina imizuzwana engama-90-120 kwi-85-95°C, ifikelela kumazinga e-starch gelatinization angama-45-55%. Oku kwakubalulekile ekuzinzeni kwamanzi. Ubushushu obuphezulu bokulungisa—obugcinwe ngokulinganayo nge-PID-controlled steam injection—buqinisekisile ukuqina kwe-gelatinization kungakhathaliseki ukuba ixesha lokuvelisa lingakanani na, nto leyo esusa ukuhla komgangatho wokuqalisa kotshintsho umthengi awayenawo ngaphambili. Ukuqina kwe-wheat flour gelatinization, okulawulwa yimpembelelo edibeneyo yobushushu, ukufuma, kunye nexesha lokuhlala, kwaqhubeka nokugqitywa ngaphambi kokuba i-conditioned mash ingene kwigumbi lokufaka iipellet.

Ukuphathwa Emva Kokucocwa: Iqela lobuchwephesha laseHongyang licebise ulungiselelo lwe-counterflow cooler olunexesha elandisiweyo lokugcina imizuzu eli-12-15 kunye nolawulo lobushushu bomoya ojikeleze umoya ukuze kufikelelwe kubushushu bokuphuma kwe-pellet ngaphakathi kwe-3°C ukusuka kwindawo ejikeleze umoya. Le protocol yokupholisa inciphise ukuqhekeka kobushushu—umthombo oqhelekileyo we-fines kwi-pellets zokutya kweentlanzi ezineproteni ephezulu—ngokuphepha ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza komphezulu okudala ukwaphuka koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kwi-pellet matrix.

Iziphumo: Idatha yokusebenza yeenyanga ezili-14

Emva kokuqalisa ukusebenza ngoFebruwari 2025 kunye neenyanga ezili-14 zokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo, umthengi ubhale phantsi ezi milinganiselo zokusebenza zilandelayo:

Ixesha Lokusebenza Kwemveliso: I-HYPM ring die pellet mill ifumene ixesha lokusebenza eliyi-98.3% kwixesha lovavanyo. Ubomi benkonzo ye-die eyongeziweyo—eyabangelwa yintsimbi ye-alloy ye-X46Cr13 kunye nonyango lobushushu oluchanekileyo—ivumele ukusebenza kwemveliso yeeyure eziyi-1,400-1,600 phakathi kokutshintshwa kwe-die, phantse kabini ixesha lokutshintshwa kwe-die elalisele lidlulile kumthengi. Oku kuthetha ukuba malunga neetoni ezingama-3,800 ze-koi feed eziveliswayo kwiseti nganye ye-die, xa kuthelekiswa neetoni ezili-1,700 nezixhobo zabo zangaphambili. Ukuncipha kwe-die changeover frequency kuphela kususe malunga neeyure ezingama-48 zokungasebenzi kwemveliso yonyaka.

Ukuchaneka kobubanzi bePellet: Isampuli yezibalo zeepellet ezingama-200 ngebhetshi nganye kuzo zonke iipellets ezintandathu zibonise ukuphambuka okuphakathi kobubanzi be-0.12 mm kunye nokuphambuka okuqhelekileyo kwe-0.06 mm—ngokukhululekileyo ngaphakathi kwenkcazelo ye-±0.2 mm. Umthengi uxele ukuba akukho kulahlwa kwebhetshi ngenxa yokungahambelani kobukhulu bepellet ngexesha leenyanga ezili-14, ukuphucuka okuphawulekayo ukusuka kulahlwa kwe-3-4 ngonyaka okwenzeka ngaphambili. Ukulahlwa ngakunye bekuxabisa malunga neetoni ezili-15 zokutya okwenziwe ngokutsha kunye nempahla ehambelana noko.

Uzinzo Lwamanzi: Uvavanyo lwetanki olulawulwayo kubushushu bamanzi obungama-25°C lubonise uzinzo lwamanzi oluhlala luhleli lweeyure eziyi-4.2-4.8 kuzo zonke iipellets. Oku kudlule kwiinkcukacha zomthengi weeyure ezi-2 kunye nomlinganiselo weeyure ezi-3 odla ngokukhankanywa ngabafuyi abaphambili. Uphuculo lubangelwe ikakhulu kulawulo lobushushu oluhlala luhleli lwenkqubo yokulungisa kunye nomlinganiselo woxinzelelo oluphuculweyo lwedayi olunikezela nge-starch gelatinization efanayo kulo lonke i-pellet cross-section.

Ukuncitshiswa kweeFines: Umxholo weeFines emva kokuphola kunye nowokupakisha kwangaphambili, olinganiswe ngokuhluzwa kwe-mesh eyi-1.0 mm, umyinge we-1.8%, wehla ukusuka kwi-4.5% kwinkqubo yangaphambili ye-die. Uphando lwempendulo yabathengi olwenziwe kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokugunyaziswa lubonise ukwehla kwama-40% kwizikhalazo ezinxulumene nokuthembeka kweepellet kunye nokuqokelelwa kothuli oluvela ezantsi kwengxowa. Kwimarike apho ukubonakaliswa kweepakethi kuchaphazela umgangatho wemveliso obonwayo, olu phuculo lunexabiso elingafaniyo kwezorhwebo.

Ingxelo yoMfuyi: Umlawuli wentengiso womthengi uxele ukuba ezintathu kwiiakhawunti zabo ezintlanu eziphambili zomfuyi—kuquka umfuyi weGrand Champion owaziwayo kuzwelonke ovela e-Isawa, eYamanashi Prefecture—ziphawule ngokukodwa ukuphucuka kokuqina kweepellet kunye nokuncipha kokungcola echibini kwixesha lokukhula lika-2025. Omnye umfuyi ubhale ukuphucuka kwe-12% ekunyukeni kobunzima kwiqela lee-koi ezingama-400 ze-nisai (ezineminyaka emibini ubudala), nto leyo ethetha ukuba oku kuphucuka kubangelwa bubungakanani bepellet obuhambelanayo kunye nokulingana okuphezulu kwezondlo kulo lonke ixesha lokutya.

Ukuzibophelela kukaHongyang kuBunjineli obuKhethekileyo kwiZicelo

Ityala laseNiigata libonisa umgaqo oxhasa indlela uHongyang ajongana ngayo nemarike yehlabathi yoomatshini bokutya: ubunjineli obuthile obusetyenziswayo buqhuba iziphumo zabathengi. Kwisicelo se-koi feed, izinto ezibalulekileyo azizange zibe yi-raw throughput—umthamo wenkqubo ye-HYPM olinganisiweyo udlule kakhulu umthamo wonyaka we-3,500-tonnes womthengi—kodwa kunoko i-die metallurgy, ukuchaneka komlinganiselo woxinzelelo, kunye nokuhambelana kokulungisa imeko. Ukuzimisela kukaHongyang ukumisela ii-ring dies kwiimfuno ezithile zemveliso yokutya kweentlanzi zokuhombisa, endaweni yokubonelela nge-die feed yemfuyo eqhelekileyo, kwahlukanisa ukubandakanyeka kwababoneleli bezixhobo zempahla.

Ngokwembono yomthengi, ixabiso eliphakanyisiweyo ladlula ukusebenza kwezixhobo. Ukuncipha kwesantya sokutshintshwa kweedayi kwehlisa iindleko ezisetyenzisiweyo malunga ne-1.2 yezigidi zeerandi ngonyaka. Ukususwa kokulahlwa kweebhetshi kubuyise malunga neetoni ezingama-85 zamandla emveliso alahlekileyo ngonyaka. Kwaye inzuzo yokwaneliseka kwabathengi—ekunzima ukuyibala kodwa ithatha isigqibo kwezorhwebo kwinkcubeko yeshishini yaseJapan eqhutywa bubudlelwane—yomeleze isikhundla sabo sokhuphiswano kwimarike apho udumo lophawu lulawula ngokuthe ngqo iiprimiyamu zamaxabiso.

Isiphelo

Ishishini le-koi laseJapan, elinemigangatho yalo egqwesileyo yomgangatho kunye nesiseko sabathengi esiqondayo, limele enye yeemarike zokutya ezifuna kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela. Ukusasazwa ngempumelelo kwee-Hongyang HYPM ring die pellet mills kumvelisi we-Niigata koi feed kubonisa ukuba izixhobo ze-pellet ezenziwe ngokuchanekileyo zinokubonelela ngophuculo olulinganisekayo kumgangatho we-pellet, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kunye nokwaneliseka kwabathengi—nakwizicelo ezithile apho ubungakanani bemveliso bungasondeli kwinqanaba lemizi-mveliso.

Kwabavelisi bezondlo abakhonza iimarike zezolimo zasemanzini eziphambili, ityala leNiigata libonelela ngemodeli ephindaphindwayo: tyala imali kwitekhnoloji yokucoca kunye nokuchaneka kokulungisa, ulinganise iziphumo ngokungqongqo, kwaye uphathe umgangatho wepellet njengento eyahlulahlulayo kukhuphiswano endaweni yomlinganiselo omncinci wokuthobela imithetho.