ISISHWANKATHELO sebhunga
Icandelo eliphantsi lokufuya ii-quail eMyanmar likhule kakhulu kwisiqingatha seminyaka edlulileyo, liqhutywa kukunyuka kwemfuno yasekhaya yamaqanda ee-quail kunye nenyama kulo lonke elaseYangon, eMandalay, nase-Ayeyarwady Delta. Nangona kunjalo, isabelo esikhulu semisebenzi yee-quail ezincinci neziphakathi siyaqhubeka nokuxhomekeka kwizabelo ze-mash-type - indlela yokutya eneengxaki ezisisiseko: ukwahlulwa kwezithako ngexesha lokuthuthwa, amanqanaba aphezulu othuli acaphukisa iinkqubo zokuphefumla zeentaka, kunye nokuziphatha okukhethiweyo kokutya okuphazamisa ukufana kwesondlo. Olu phononongo lubhala amava e-60,000-bird quail layer cooperative kwiBago Region eyathatha indawo yenkqubo yayo yokutya esekelwe kwi-mash ngenkqubo ye-pelletized eyakhiwe malunga ne-Hongyang HYPM series ring die pellet mill kunye ne-ring die eyenziwe ngokwezifiso. Idatha yemveliso yeenyanga ezilishumi elinambini iyahlalutywa ukuvavanya umgangatho we-pellet, ukusebenza kakuhle kokutya, ukusebenza kweentaka, kunye nokuzinza kokusebenza.
1. Icandelo leeQuail zaseMyanmar kunye nePellet Gap
Ishishini leenkukhu laseMyanmar ligxile kwiinkukhu ze-broiler kunye neenkukhu ezithwala amaqanda, kodwa ukulima ii-quail - ngakumbi ii-quail zaseJapan (Coturnix japonica) ezikhuliswe ukuze kuveliseke amaqanda - kuvele njengendawo ekhula ngokukhawuleza. Idatha karhulumente eqokelelwe yiSebe lezeMfuyo kunye neZilwanyana ibonisa ukuba inani lee-quail zelizwe lidlule kwizigidi ezisi-8 zeentaka ngo-2025, apho iBago Region, ummandla waseYangon, kunye neSagaing zibala ngaphezulu kwe-60% yeendawo ezigcinwe kuzo. Uninzi lwemisebenzi luhlelwe njengee-cooperatives okanye iinethiwekhi ezikhulisa iikhontrakthi ezihlanganisa ukuthengwa kokutya, iinkonzo zezilwanyana, kunye nokufikelela kwimarike yabanini abancinci ngabanye.
Nangona oku kukhula, ukwamkelwa kobuchwepheshe bokutya kuyalibaziseka. Uphando olwenziwe yiMyanmar's Livestock Federation ngo-2024 lufumanise ukuba malunga nama-70% abavelisi bamaqanda ee-quail basadla ngokutya okucoliweyo, xa kuthelekiswa nabangaphantsi kwama-30% abasebenzisa ii-crumbles okanye ii-pellets. Izizathu zazikukuba ngokuyinxenye yezoqoqosho - ii-pellet mills zimele imali enkulu - kwaye ngokuyinxenye ngumsantsa wolwazi malunga neenzuzo zemveliso ezinokuthi zinikezelwe yi-pelleting kwintaka encinci nenovakalelo kwi-metabolism njenge-quail.
2. Imeko Yokuqala Ye-Cooperative
Le nkampani isebenzisana ne-subject cooperative, ekumgama we-90 km kumntla-mpuma weYangon kwiSithili saseBago, isebenza ngomlinganiselo omalunga nama-60,000 ee-quail ezibekwa kwiindawo ezintandathu ezivulekileyo emacaleni ezinee-tunnel air air. Ngaphambi kokuphuculwa kwezixhobo, le nkampani ifumene umxube wokutya kombona-soya kwifektri yokutya ekufutshane yaza yawuxuba kwindawo kunye ne-rayisi bran ethengiweyo kwindawo leyo kunye ne-limestone, inika ukutya okugqityiweyo njengomgubo owomileyo.
Imilinganiselo yokuqala eqokelelwe kwiinyanga ezintandathu ngaphambi kokuphuculwa ibonise oku kulandelayo:
Umlinganiselo wokuguqulwa kokutya (FCR): Ukutya kwe-2.85 kg nge-kg yamaqanda avelisiweyo (umyinge onzima kwiishedi ezintandathu). Ukutya kwemihla ngemihla ngentaka nganye: 26.5 g, kunye nokuchitheka okuqikelelweyo kunye nokulahleka kothuli malunga ne-8-10% phakathi kweendawo zokuxuba kunye neetreyi zokutya. Imveliso yamaqanda e-Hen-Day: 82.3% (umyinge kwiishedi; ishedi esebenza kakuhle kwi-85.1%, ebuthathaka kwi-78.6%). Ukufa: 1.9% ngomjikelo wemveliso weentsuku ezingama-28, kunye neengxaki zokuphefumla ezibangela isabelo esibonakalayo sokunqunyulwa.
Ulawulo olusebenzisanayo luchonge iindawo ezintathu ezibangela intlungu: ukuchithwa kakhulu kokutya kwindawo yokondla, ukutya izondlo okungahambelaniyo kuba iintaka zikhetha amasuntswana amakhulu kwaye zishiya umgubo ocolekileyo ngasemva, kunye nokuphefumla okubangelwa luthuli rhoqo ngexesha lonyaka owomileyo (Novemba-Februwari).
3. Indlela Yokwenza Izigqibo
Emva kokuvavanya izindululo ezivela kubathengisi bezixhobo abathathu, i-cooperative ikhethe i-Hongyang HYPM series ring die pellet mill ekumgangatho we-3-5 tonnes ngeyure - isikali esihambelana nomthamo we-cooperative, ojikeleze iitoni ze-3.2 ngosuku. Isigqibo sisekelwe kwizinto ezininzi eziqwalaselweyo:
1. Ukufakelwa kwezalathiso zasekuhlaleni. IHongyang yayiqalise iyunithi ye-HYPM kwifektri yokutya esekwe eYangon kwiinyanga ezili-14 ngaphambili; abameli bentsebenziswano batyelele indawo baza babona ukusebenza okuzinzileyo.
2. Ubuchule bokwenza ngokwezifiso i-ring die. Ukutya kwe-quail kufuna ububanzi be-pellet obugqityiweyo obuphakathi kwe-1.5 mm kunye ne-2.5 mm - obuncinci kakhulu kune-3 - 5 mm pellets ezisetyenziselwa ii-broilers kunye nee-layers. Iqela lobunjineli likaHongyang linikeze i-ring die eyakhelwe injongo enobubanzi obufanelekileyo bomngxuma, umlinganiselo woxinzelelo, kunye ne-metallurgy kolu setyenziso.
3. Ukusondela emva kokuthengisa. Ingcali eqeqeshwe eHongyang eseYangon ikwazile ukongamela ukufakwa nokuqhuba umjikelo wokuqala wolondolozo olucwangcisiweyo kwindawo leyo.
4. Ubunjineli beRing Die bokutya iiQuail
I-ring die imele intliziyo yayo nayiphi na i-pellet mill, kwaye iiparameter zoyilo lwayo zilawula ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho we-pellet, izinga lokukhupha, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla ngetoni nganye. Kule sicelo sokutya kwe-quail, iHongyang inikezele nge-ring die elungiselelwe ngokweemfuno ezilandelayo:
Izinto zeDie: Intsimbi ye-alloy ye-20CrMnTi, efakwe i-carburised kwaye icinyiwe nge-vacuum. Ubulukhuni bomphezulu: HRC 58–62. Ububanzi bemingxuma: 2.0 mm. Umlinganiselo woxinzelelo olusebenzayo (L/D): 1:8.5. Ububanzi bokusebenza kweDie: 140 mm. Uqwalaselo lokukhulula: Ukungena okuthambileyo okunesiqabu se-cylindrical, i-counterbore enamanqanaba amathathu. Ukulungiswa emva kokucubungula: Ukupolisha kwamanqanaba amaninzi ukuya kwi-Ra ≤ 0.8 µm uburhabaxa bemingxuma yangaphakathi.
Kutheni le nto ukhetho lubalulekile? Umlinganiselo woxinzelelo we-1:8.5 ugcinwa ngabom kwi-high-fiber quail layer ration (crude fiber - 4.2%) ukuze kuthintelwe ukungqubana okugqithisileyo kunye nokuveliswa kobushushu, okunokonakalisa iivithamini ezishushu kunye nee-amino acids zokwenziwa. I-20CrMnTi alloy ene-vacuum quenching ivelisa umaleko womphezulu we-martensitic omelana nokuguguleka kwaye uzinzile phantsi komjikelo wobushushu oqhelekileyo wemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yokuqalisa. Ukukhululeka kwe-counterbore enamanqanaba amathathu kunciphisa uxinzelelo lomqolo ekuphumeni kwe-die, kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla athile ngelixa kugcinwa ukuthembeka kwe-pellet. Ukunyamezelana kobubanzi be-hole kugcinwe kwi-± 0.05 mm, kuqinisekisa ukuba nganye ye-1,400+ die hole ivelisa ii-pellets ngaphakathi kwe-tight size band - into ebalulekileyo xa ukondla intaka enomlomo obanzi weemilimitha ezimbalwa kuphela.
5. Ukunyuka kweMveliso kunye nokusebenza okuzinzileyo
Ukufakelwa kugqitywe ngesithuba seentsuku ezintlanu ngexesha lokumiswa okucwangcisiweyo kwemveliso. I-pellet mill yadibaniswa ngezantsi komxube weribhoni okhoyo kunye nomthombo ongaphezulu komthombo opholileyo, yakha umgca wokufaka i-pellet oqhubekayo. Ubushushu bokupholisa buzinziswe kwi-78-82°C kunye nexesha lokuhlala lemizuzwana engama-45-50, kusetyenziswa umphunga owomileyo ogcweleyo kwi-2.5 bar - iiparameter zifikelelwe ngenkqubo ecwangcisiweyo yokugunyazisa ebandakanya uhlengahlengiso oluqhubekayo kwiibhetshi ezili-14.
Le nkampani itshintshe zonke iishedi ezintandathu zaya kukutya okufakwe iipellets kangangeeveki ezintathu ukuvumela iintaka ukuba ziqhelane kancinci kancinci. Idatha emva kokutshintsha iqokelelwe ukusuka kwinyanga yesi-4 ukuya kwinyanga ye-12, emva kokuba inkqubo ifikelele kwimeko eqinileyo kwaye amaqela eentaka eqhelene ngokupheleleyo:
I-FCR (ukutya kwe-kg / amaqanda e-kg): 2.85 ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa ngokuchasene ne-2.47 emva kokuhlaziywa, ukuncitshiswa kwe-13.3%. Ukutya kwemihla ngemihla (g/intaka): 26.5 ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa ngokuchasene ne-24.8 emva kokuhlaziywa, ukuncitshiswa kwe-6.4%. Ukuchithakala kokutya (% yokutya okuziswayo): 8–10% ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa ngokuchasene ne-2% emva kokuhlaziywa, ukuncitshiswa okumalunga ne-80%. Imveliso yamaqanda e-Hen-day: 82.3% ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa ngokuchasene ne-86.9% emva kokuhlaziywa, ukunyuka kwamanqaku eepesenti ezi-4.6. I-Pellet Durability Index (PDI): 96.8% emva kokuhlaziywa (ayisebenzi ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa). Ubunzima be-Pellet: 1.2–1.5 kg emva kokuhlaziywa (ayisebenzi ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa). Ukufa ngomjikelo ngamnye: 1.9% ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa ngokuchasene ne-1.3% emva kokuhlaziywa, ukuncitshiswa kwamanqaku eepesenti ezi-0.6. Umbane: 14.8 kWh/tonne pellet emva kokuphuculwa (akusebenzi ngaphambi kokuphuculwa).
Ixabiso le-PDI elingama-96.8%, elilinganiswa rhoqo ngekota kusetyenziswa isixhobo sokuvavanya iHolmen, libonisa ukuqina kwe-pellet ngokuhambisa, ukugcina ibhini, kunye nokusasazwa kwe-auger. I-fines fraction - izinto ezidlula kwisihluzo se-1.0 mm - zihlala zingaphantsi kwe-1.5% yemveliso iyonke, nto leyo abasebenzi abasebenzisana nayo abayibiza ngokuba yi-geometry yemingxuma efanayo kunye neendawo zangaphakathi ezikhazimlisiweyo zendandatho yaseHongyang ziyafa.
6. Iziphumo ezibonakalayo zeCooperative
Ngaphaya kweenzuzo zamanani, utshintsho oluninzi lokusebenza luye lwabonakala ngexesha lotyelelo lolawulo kunye nodliwanondlebe lwabalimi olwenziwe emva kokuphuculwa:
Ukufana kwendlela yokutya. Iziganeko zokutya okukhethiweyo - iintaka ezikrwela ukutya ukuze zahlule amasuntswana athandwayo - zehle kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba iipellets ziqulathe zonke izinto zokutya kwiyunithi nganye eyahlukileyo, ipeck nganye inika idosi epheleleyo yesondlo.
Impilo yokuphefumla. Ubuninzi bothuli olulinganiswe ngaphakathi kwiishedi lwehle ukusuka kumyinge we-2.8 mg/m³ ukuya kwi-0.7 mg/m³ ngexesha leemvula, nto leyo ehambelana nokuncipha kokususwa kwezinambuzane ezinxulumene nokuphefumla ukusuka kwi-0.7% ukuya kwi-0.3% ngomjikelo ngamnye.
Umgangatho weqokobhe lamaqanda. Amaqanda avela kwimihlambi eyondliwe ngepellet abonakalise ubukhulu obuphakathi beqokobhe obuyi-0.196 mm xa kuthelekiswa ne-0.183 mm phantsi kwenkqubo yokucola, uphuculo oluvezwe yingcali yesondlo senkampani olubangelwa kukufumaneka okuphezulu kwe-calcium kunye ne-phosphorus kwi-matrix yepelletized apho amaqhekeza e-limestone ebotshelelwe khona endaweni yokuba ahlale.
Ukuzithemba komqhubi. I-pellet mill iqhubekile iintsuku ezingama-22-23 kumjikelo weentsuku ezingama-28, ixesha lokungasebenzi elicwangcisiweyo lilinganiselwe ekuhlolweni kwe-die kunye nokuthambisa rhoqo. Akukho kumiswa okungacwangciswanga okubangelwa yi-pellet mill okanye i-ring die erekhodwe ngexesha lovavanyo lweenyanga ezili-9.
7. Isakhelo soMgangatho saseHongyang
Ukusebenza okubonwe kule nkampani iBago kubonisa uluhlu lweendlela zokuvelisa ezikwi-ring die production line yaseHongyang:
Ukulandeleka kwezinto eziluhlaza. Indandatho nganye engenanto inikwa inombolo yobushushu ehambelana nesatifikethi sokuqala somatshini wesinyithi, irekhoda ukwakheka kweekhemikhali kunye neempawu zoomatshini ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe ukwenziwa komatshini.
Iprotokholi yokucima i-vacuum. Unyango lobushushu lwenziwa kwisithando somoya esinolawulo lobushushu oluneendawo ezininzi, kulandele unyango olujulileyo lokuguqula i-austenite egciniweyo ibe yi-martensite - inyathelo elizinzisa isakhiwo se-die kwaye landise ubomi benkonzo phantsi koxinzelelo lobushushu oluphindaphindwayo.
I-Metrology kwizikhululo ezininzi. Ububanzi bemingxuma, i-pitch, kunye ne-counterbore geometry zihlolwa ngoomatshini bokulinganisa abadibeneyo (CMM) kumanqanaba amathathu: emva kokubhola ngemipu, emva konyango lobushushu, nasemva kokupholisha kokugqibela. Iidayi eziwela ngaphandle kokunyamezelana kwe-±0.05 mm ziyaliwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa.
Ukufakwa kwe-HYPM pellet ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Yonke i-HYPM pellet mill ifakwa kwi-non-load-in kwaye ivavanywa ixesha elifutshane kwifektri ngaphambi kokuba ifakwe kwi-crating, ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-roller-die clearance, amaqondo obushushu e-bearing, kunye namanqanaba okungcangcazela ayahlangabezana neemfuno.
Ezi azingomabango okuthengisa; ziindawo zokulawula umgangatho ezigciniweyo umthengi anokuqinisekisa ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwefektri - ukhetho olujoliswe yinkampani xa isanda ukuya kumgca wesibini wemveliso.
8. Isishwankathelo
Amava e-Bago cooperative abonisa ukuba ukutshintsha izabelo ze-quail layer ukusuka kwi-mash ukuya kwi-pellet form, kusetyenziswa izixhobo ze-pellet ezichazwe ngokuchanekileyo kunye ne-ring die eyenzelwe ukusetyenziswa, kunokuvelisa uphuculo oluphindwe kabini ekusebenzeni kakuhle kokuguqulwa kokutya ngelixa kunciphisa inkunkuma, kuzinzisa impilo yomhlambi, kwaye kunyuswe imveliso yamaqanda. I-Hongyang HYPM series ring die pellet mill, edibene ne-20CrMnTi ring die eyenzelwe ukunyamezelana okuqinileyo kunye nomlinganiselo woxinzelelo olugcinayo, inikezele ngemveliso ethembekileyo kwiinyanga ezilithoba zokusebenza korhwebo okuqhubekayo - ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okukodwa okungacwangciswanga okunxulunyaniswa nomgca we-pelleting. Kwicandelo le-quail elikhulayo laseMyanmar, apho imida ibunjwa kakhulu yindleko yokutya kunye nexabiso lamaqanda, olu hlobo lotyalo-mali lwezixhobo ezijoliswe kuzo lubonelela ngendlela esebenzayo eya kuqoqosho olungcono lweyunithi.
Imithombo yedatha: Iingxelo zemveliso yentsebenziswano (ngoJanuwari 2025 - ngoMatshi 2026), iingxelo zohlalutyo lweepellet zekota, ubalo lwabantu lweekwali oluzalisa imfuyo kunye nolwezilwanyana (ngo-2025), uphando lokutya kweMyanmar Livestock Federation (ngo-2024). Iifoto kunye namanqaku okutyelela indawo ziyafumaneka xa ziceliwe.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-09-2026
