Isishwankathelo seSigqeba INorway yeyona mveliso inkulu kwihlabathi yesalmon yaseAtlantic efuywayo, ivuna iitoni eziyi-1.553 yezigidi ngo-2024 kwaye itya iitoni eziqikelelwa kwi-1.8 ukuya kwi-2.0 yezigidi zokutya okwenziweyo ngonyaka. Umgangatho womzimba weepellets zokutya zesalmon - ngakumbi ukuzinza kwamanzi, ukuqina, kunye neempawu zokuntywila - umisela ngokuthe ngqo umlinganiselo wokuguqulwa kokutya kwinqanaba lefama (FCR) kunye nomgangatho wokusingqongileyo wemisebenzi yokulima aquaculture. Ukunyaniseka okubi kweepellets kubangela ukutsalwa kwezakhamzimba, ukutya okungatyiwayo kuhlala phantsi kolwandle, kunye neendleko eziphezulu zemveliso ezinciphisa imida emincinci kwicandelo lesalmon yaseNorway elikhuphisanayo kakhulu. Olu phononongo luhlola amava eFjordfôr AS, umenzi wokutya ozimeleyo ophakathi osekwe kummandla waseTrøndelag embindini weNorway. Le nkampani isebenza umgca omnye wemveliso okhonza abathengi abasixhenxe bezolimo zesalmon kunxweme lwaseHelgeland, kunye nemveliso yonyaka ye-35,000 yeetoni zemetric. Phakathi kowama-2025, iFjordfôr yatshintsha indawo yayo yokugaya iipellet ezindala nge-SZLH series ring die pellet mill eyenzelwe wena evela kwiLiyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. (eHongyang). Emva kweenyanga ezine zemveliso eqhubekayo, umgca weHongyang unikezele ngophuculo olunokulinganiswa kuzo zonke iimetriki eziphambili zomgangatho weepellet: I-Pellet Durability Index (PDI) ifikelele kwi-96.2%, uzinzo lwamanzi emva kokuntywiliselwa kwimizuzu engama-30 emanzini olwandle angama-10°C luphucuke lwaya kwi-91%, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla athile kwehle nge-14% ukuya kwi-12.6 kWh ngetoni nganye, kwaye umxholo we-fines xa ufakwa kwibhegi wehle ukusuka kwi-3.8% ukuya kwi-1.4%. Lo mgca usebenza nge-8.5 yeetoni ngeyure, uhambelana nomgomo wemveliso omiselweyo ngexesha lokuqaliswa kokusebenza. 1. Ishishini leSalmon Feed laseNorway: Iimfuno zoBuchule kunye noBugcisa Ulawulo lwaseNorway kwi-Atlantic salmon aquaculture lubhalwe kakuhle. Ngowama-2024, eli lizwe lisebenze kwiindawo ezingama-994 zokuvelisa amanzi olwandle kwaye labamba iilayisenisi zezolimo zasemanzini ezingama-2,905, apho ezili-1,651 zazinikezelwe kwi-salmon kunye ne-trout. Imveliso iyonke ye-salmon efuyiweyo ifikelele kwi-1.553 yezigidi zeetoni, inani eliye lakhula ngokuqhubekayo kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo kwaye lixhasa ishishini lokuthumela ngaphandle elingaphezulu kwe-NOK eliyi-150 yeebhiliyoni (i-Eurofish, ngo-2025). Eli nani lemveliso lifuna uthotho olukhulu lokutya. Imarike yokutya kwe-salmon yaseNorway ikhonzwa ikakhulu ngabavelisi abane abakhulu - iSkretting (Nutreco), iMowi Feed, iCargill (EWOS), kunye neBioMar - imveliso yabo iyonke idlula i-1.5 yezigidi zeetoni ngonyaka. IMowi Feed yodwa ivelise iitoni ezingama-584,586 zokutya ngo-2024, ivelisa i-EBITDA yokusebenza ye-€62.2 yezigidi, kwaye yabhengeza ukwandiswa kweetoni ezingama-60,000 kwisityalo sayo saseBjugn esicwangciselwe ukugqitywa kwikota yesibini ka-2026 (iNgxelo yekota yesi-4 ka-2024 kaMowi). I-Skretting Norway ibike ukuba umlinganiselo wayo wekhabhoni yokutya wehle waya kwi-1.41 kg ye-CO2 equivalent ngekhilogram yokutya ngo-2024, ukwehla ngama-46% ukusuka kwisiseko sika-2020, okuqhutywa ikakhulu kukutshintshwa kwezinto eziluhlaza kunye nokuphuculwa kokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla (Ingxelo ye-Skretting Norway Impact, 2024). Iifektri ezizimeleyo zokutya ezifana ne-Fjordfôr zithatha indawo enkulu kodwa icandelo elibalulekileyo kwimarike. Ezi fektri zihlala zikhonza amaqela ezolimo engingqini, zibonelela ngokuguquguquka kokwenziwa kwezinto ezingenakukwazi ukufanelana nabakhuphisana nabo abakhulu kubathengi abancinci, kwaye zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ukuqina kwekhonkco lokubonelela ngempahla elunxwemeni lwaseNorway oluziikhilomitha ezingama-2,500. Nangona kunjalo, zijongene neemfuno zobugcisa ezifanayo nezo zinkulu - kwaye kwezinye iinkalo imingeni emikhulu, kuba zisebenza imigca embalwa yemveliso kwaye azikwazi ukuhlawulela ixesha elide lokuphumla. Ukwenziwa kokutya kwesalmon kuphakathi kwamacandelo afuna kakhulu ubuchwepheshe kwishishini le-aquafeed lehlabathi. Ukutya okuqhelekileyo kwabalimi besalmon yaseAtlantic emanzini olwandle kuqulathe i-lipid engama-28–38%, i-protein ekrwada engama-36–42%, kunye ne-nitrogen-free extract engaphantsi kwe-10% (NFE). Umxholo ophezulu we-lipid ufezekiswa ngokudityaniswa kokongeza amafutha angaphakathi (ngokwesiqhelo kuncitshiswe kwi-12% ngenxa yeemfuno zokungqubana kwi-extrusion ene-screw enye) kunye ne-vacuum coating emva kwe-extrusion ezisa i-lipid iyonke kwiithagethi zokwenziwa. Ii-Pellets kufuneka zitshone ngokukhawuleza ziye kubunzulu obufunekayo kwiipeni ze-net, zihlale zinjalo ngexesha lokutya okungaphantsi kwemizuzu engama-20-40, kwaye zimelane nokuwohloka koomatshini ngexesha lokuhambisa, ukugcina, kunye nokuthuthwa kwe-pneumatic (ScienceDirect, 2025; Nofima, 2015). Iiparameter zomgangatho we-pellet ezibonakalayo ezithathwa njengezingenakuxoxiswana ngabalimi be-salmon baseNorway ziquka: ukuzinza kwamanzi okungenani i-88-90% emva kwemizuzu engama-30 yokuntywila; I-Pellet Durability Index (PDI) engaphezulu kwe-95%; isantya sokutshona esihambelana neenkcukacha zenkqubo yokutya; kunye nomxholo we-fines ongaphantsi kwe-2% kwindawo yokuhanjiswa. Uphando olupapashwe yiNofima lubonise ukuba ukuqina kwe-pellet kunye nokuzinza kwamanzi kunxulumene kakuhle nokutya kwi-salmon yase-Atlantic, ngelixa ukuveliswa kwe-fines egqithisileyo kukhokelela ekulahlekelweni koqoqosho ngqo kunye nempembelelo yendawo. 2. Umngeni eFjordfôr: Izixhobo Ezigugayo, Umgangatho Owohlayo Ekuqaleni kuka-2025, iqela lemveliso likaFjordfôr lalibhale ukwehla okuqhubekayo komgangatho wepellet ukusuka kwi-ring die pellet mill yalo ekhoyo, eyayiqokelele iiyure zokusebenza ezingaphezu kwama-36,000 ukusukela oko yafakwa ngo-2011. Ukwehla kwabonakala ngeendlela ezintathu ezinokulinganiswa: Okokuqala, ukuzinza kwamanzi emva kwemizuzu engama-30 kwehle ukusuka kumndilili wembali we-88% ukuya kwi-84%, kwehla ngaphantsi kwemfuneko encinci echazwe kwizivumelwano zenkampani zokuthatha imali kunye nabathengi bezolimo. Okwesibini, i-PDI yehle ukusuka kwi-94% ukuya kwi-91%, ivelisa izigwebo eziqokelelene ngexesha lokuthuthwa kwaye yadala iingxaki zokuphatha uthuli kwiindawo zokuhambisa efama. Okwesithathu, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla athile kwakunyuke ukuya kuthi ga kwi-14.6 kWh ngetoni nganye, malunga ne-16% ngaphezulu komgangatho wee-ring die pellet mills zanamhlanje kudidi lwe-132–160 kW. Uhlalutyo lweengcambu luchonge ukuguguleka kwe-ring die bore njengento ephambili. Emva kweeyure ezingama-36,000, imingxunya ye-die ibonakalise ukwanda kobubanzi obulinganiswayo kunye nokuwohloka koburhabaxa bomphezulu, nto leyo ebangele ukucinezelwa okungalinganiyo kubuso be-die. I-single-shaft conditioner ekhoyo ikwabonise ukuguquguquka kobushushu be-±5°C ngexesha lokwenziwa kwemveliso, nto leyo enegalelo kwi-starch gelatinization engahambelaniyo kunye nokubopha kwe-pellet okubuthathaka. Abaphathi bakaFjordfôr bavavanye iindlela ezintathu: ukuhlaziya umgca okhoyo nge-ring die yokutshintsha kunye ne-conditioner ephuculweyo; ukuthenga i-pellet mill entsha komnye wabavelisi baseYurophu abaziwayo; okanye ukuvavanya ezinye iindlela ezingabizi kakhulu ezivela kubathengisi baseAsia abanamava okutya kwe-salmon abonakalisiweyo. Isigqibo sokusebenzisana neHongyang siqhutywe kukujonga okuneenkcukacha kunye nomvelisi we-salmon feed waseChile owayegunyazise umgca we-Hongyang SZLH ngo-2024 kwaye wabika ukuphuculwa kozinzo lwamanzi ukusuka kwi-84% ukuya kwi-92% kunye nokonga amandla kwe-12% (iHongyang Chile Salmon Feed Case Study, 2025). 3. Isisombululo soBugcisa saseHongyang: Ubunjineli obuKhethekileyo boKutya iSalmon Iqela lobunjineli laseHongyang lenze uvavanyo lweentsuku ezine kwindawo kwisiza sikaFjordfôr kufutshane neNamsos, lihlalutya ukuhamba kwenkqubo ekhoyo, lihlaziya iinyanga ezintandathu zeengxelo zemveliso, kwaye livavanya iisampulu ze-mash ezivela kwifomyula eqhelekileyo yokukhulisa isalmon yenkampani. Isiphakamiso esiphumileyo sasigxile kwi-SZLH508 ring die pellet mill eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukuvelisa ukutya kwesalmon okune-lipid ephezulu. Iinkcukacha zobugcisa eziphambili kunye nezizathu zoyilo zichazwe ngezantsi. Umlinganiselo woxinzelelo lweRing Die. Iifomyula zokutya kwesalmon ezine-32–36% yeproteni kunye nomxholo wamafutha we-12–15% ngaphambi kokukhupha zifuna umlinganiselo woxinzelelo ophezulu kakhulu kunokutya kwemfuyo okuqhelekileyo ukuze kufezekiswe uxinano olufanelekileyo lwe-pellet kunye nokuzinza kwamanzi. UHongyang uchaze umlinganiselo woxinzelelo we-1:11 kwi-ring die, ebalwe ngokusekelwe kulwakhiwo oluthile lwe-Fjordfôr — malunga ne-28% ye-fishmeal, i-16% ye-soybean protein concentrate, i-14% ye-wheat gluten, i-10% yeoyile yentlanzi (pre-extrusion), kunye ne-8% ye-pea starch njenge-binder, kunye nebhalansi equka iivithamini kunye neeminerali ezixutyiweyo. Olu mlinganiselo woxinzelelo luqinisekisa uxinzelelo olwaneleyo loomatshini lwe-starch gelatinization ngaphandle kokudibanisa i-pellet kakhulu, nto leyo eya kunciphisa isantya sokutshona kunye nokuziphatha kokutyisa okuphazamisayo. I-Dual-Shaft Differential Conditioning. Umgca we-SZLH508 wawuxhotyiswe nge-double-shaft conditioner enika ulawulo oluzimeleyo lwesantya kwi-shaft nganye, okwenza kube lula ukulungelelanisa ixesha lokugcina (ngesiqhelo imizuzwana engama-60-120 yokutya emanzini) kunye nokuqina kokuxuba. Olu yilo lunikeze ukungena komswakama okuqhubekayo kunye nokusasazwa kobushushu kuyo yonke i-mash volume ngaphambi kokungena kwi-die. Ngexesha lovavanyo lwemveliso, uzinzo lobushushu be-conditioner lugcinwe ngaphakathi kwe-±2°C kwindawo ebekiweyo ye-88°C, xa kuthelekiswa ne-±5°C kwizixhobo ezindala. Ukulungiswa okufanayo kubalulekile kwisondlo sesalmon kuba i-gelatinization engaphelelanga yesitatshi iyenza buthathaka ngokuthe ngqo i-pellet binding, inciphise ukuzinza kwamanzi kwaye inyuse ukuveliswa kwe-fines. I-Ring Die Metallurgy kunye ne-Surface Finish. I-Hongyang inikezele nge-vacuum-hardened alloy steel ring die (HRC 58–60) ene-die hole surface roughness epholishiweyo ukuya kwi-Ra ≤ 0.8 μm. Olu lwazi lwe-metallurgical lubonelela ngokumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu ngokuchasene neempawu ze-abrasive ze-high-ash fishmeal formulations. Umphezulu we-polished hole unciphisa ukungqubana ngexesha lokukhupha i-pellet, okufaka isandla ngokuthe ngqo kwinzuzo yokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ebonwa ngexesha lokuvelisa. Ubomi benkonzo ye-ring die eqikelelweyo ngokusekelwe kuvavanyo lwe-abrasive index lwe-Fjordfôr lumalunga ne-11,000–12,000 yeetoni nge-die, uphuculo lwe-40–50% ngaphezu kwexesha lokutshintshwa kwe-die yembali yomthengi. Inkqubo yokuqhuba kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla. Uqwalaselo lwe-SZLH508 e-Fjordfôr lusebenzisa i-motor ephambili ye-160 kW ene-gear-driven transmission. I-gear drive inika ukusebenza kakuhle kokudlulisa i-torque (malunga ne-96–97%) xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela eziqhutywa yibhanti, iguqulela amandla okufaka ngokuthe ngqo kumsebenzi wokufaka iipellet kwaye inciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla. Idityaniswe nokungqubana okunciphileyo okuvela kwimingxuma yedayi epholisiweyo, olu lwakhiwo lwedayi lunegalelo ekunciphiseni kwe-14% ekusebenziseni amandla athile. Ukufakelwa kwagqitywa ngexesha lokuvalwa kolondolozo olucwangcisiweyo lweentsuku ezili-10 ngo-Agasti 2025. Iqela likaHongyang eligunyazisayo lahlala kwindawo kangangeentsuku ezintlanu ezongezelelweyo ukuze liqhube uvavanyo lwemveliso kuzo zonke iindlela ezintathu zokutya kwesalmon zeFjordfôr (umqalisi, umlimi, kunye nomgqibezeli), liphucule iiparameter ze-conditioner kwiresiphi nganye, kwaye liqeqeshe abaqhubi beshifti yenkampani kwiinkqubo zokutshintsha idayi kunye neshedyuli yokukhusela ukugcinwa. 4. Iziphumo zeMveliso kunye neeMetrikhi zoMgangatho wePellet Emva kweenyanga ezine zokusebenza okuqhubekayo, iFjordfôr ibhale ezi metric zilandelayo zokusebenza, ithelekisa umgca omtsha weHongyang SZLH508 ngokuchasene nezixhobo zangaphambili: Ukuphuma kwamandla kunyuke ukusuka kwi-6.8 ukuya kwi-8.5 yeetoni ngeyure, ukuphucuka kwe-25%. I-Pellet Durability Index (PDI) inyuke ukusuka kwi-91.2% ukuya kwi-96.2%, inyuke nge-5.0% yeepesenti. Uzinzo lwamanzi emva kokuntywiliselwa kwimizuzu engama-30 emanzini olwandle angama-10 degrees Celsius luphucuke ukusuka kwi-84% ukuya kwi-91%, inyuke nge-7% yeepesenti. Umxholo we-fines emva kwe-cooler wehle ukusuka kwi-3.8% ukuya kwi-1.4%, ihle nge-63%. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla athile kwehle ukusuka kwi-14.6 ukuya kwi-12.6 kWh ngetoni, ukonga nge-14%. Uzinzo lobushushu be-conditioner luphucuke ukusuka kwi-plus okanye minus 5 degrees Celsius ukuya kwi-plus okanye minus 2 degrees Celsius, ihle nge-60% yokuguquguquka. Ubomi benkonzo ye-ring die obuqikelelweyo bunyuke ukusuka kwi-8,000 yeetoni ukuya kwi-12,000 yeetoni, inyuke nge-50%. Uphuculo lwe-7-pesenti-ipesenti kuzinzo lwamanzi sesona siphumo sibalulekileyo kwezorhwebo. Kwifama ye-salmon, ukutya okuqhekekayo ngaphambi kokuba kutyiwe kubonisa ilahleko ethe ngqo yemali. UFjordfôr uqikelela ukuba ukuphuculwa kozinzo lwamanzi kuphela kuthintela malunga neetoni ezingama-450 zenkunkuma yokutya minyaka le kwiifama zabathengi bakhe - ukutya obekuya kungenisa izondlo kwindawo yolwandle ngaphandle kokufaka isandla ekukhuleni kweentlanzi. Ngamaxabiso okutya kwesalmon yaseNorway aphakathi kwe-NOK 12,500 ngetoni (malunga ne-USD 1,180), oku kubonisa malunga ne-NOK 5.6 yezigidi kwiindleko zokutya ezithintelweyo ngonyaka. Ukuncipha komxholo wezohlwayo ukusuka kwi-3.8% ukuya kwi-1.4% nako kunentsingiselo yokusebenza. Iizohlwayo eziveliswa ngexesha lokuhambisa nokuphatha zenza uthuli oluphefumlayo kwiindawo zokugcina ukutya, nto leyo ebangela iingozi zempilo emsebenzini kunye neengozi zokuqhuma. Abathengi abaninzi bezolimo baseFjordfôr ngaphambili babebike ukuba uthuli luqokelelene kwiinkqubo zokutya ezenzekelayo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuvalekeni kunye nokusasazwa kokutya okungalinganiyo kwiipeni zenethi. Imveliso ephantsi yezohlwayo zomgca weHongyang inciphise kakhulu ezi zikhalazo. Umlinganiselo wokuguqulwa kokutya okuxelwe ngabathengi ababini abakhulu bezolimo baseFjordfôr — bobabini abasebenza kwiziqithi zaseVikna — uphucuke ukusuka kumyinge we-1.28:1 ukuya kwi-1.21:1 kwixesha lokubeka esweni. Ngelixa i-FCR ichaphazeleka zizinto ezininzi kubandakanya ubushushu bamanzi, imeko yempilo yentlanzi, kunye nolawulo lokutya, abalimi bathi malunga nesiqingatha sale mpucuko kumgangatho ophezulu wepellet yomzimba onikezelwa ngumgca waseHongyang. 5. Ubungakanani beNkonzo: Kutheni uFjordfôr ekhethe iHongyang Ngaphaya kweenkcukacha zehardware kunye nemilinganiselo yemveliso, umphathi wemveliso kaFjordfôr ucaphule ukuzibophelela kwenkonzo yaseHongyang yokuthengisa kwangaphambili kunye nasemva kokufakwa njengento ebalulekileyo kwisigqibo sokuthenga. Uphicotho lwenkqubo yokufakelwa kwangaphambili lunike uFjordfôr isiseko esineenkcukacha zokusebenza komgca okhoyo, kubandakanya ukulinganiswa kwePDI, imephu yokusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye nengxelo yohlalutyo lwe-ring die wear. Olu xwebhu luvumele ulawulo ukuba lubonise imbuyekezo kutyalo-mali ngokuzithemba okukhulu — into ebalulekileyo kwifektri ezimeleyo esebenza ngogcino lwemali oluncinci. Ngexesha lokuqalisa ukusebenza, iinjineli zaseHongyang zisebenze kunye nabaqhubi beFjordfôr kwiinguqu ezintathu ezipheleleyo, zigubungela iinkqubo zokutshintsha idayi, ukulungiswa kweparameter yeconditioner kwifomyula nganye yokutya, kunye neshedyuli yokukhusela ukugcinwa. Inkqubo yoqeqesho ibandakanya uxwebhu oluneenkcukacha lweeparameter zokusebenza ezifanelekileyo kwiiresiphi ezintathu zokutya kwesalmon zeFjordfôr, kunye namanqaku aqingqiweyo arekhodwe uxinzelelo lomphunga, ixesha lokugcina iconditioner, ubushushu bedayi, kunye nokuhamba komoya opholileyo wepellet. IHongyang ikwadibanise ukujonga inzwa kumgca we-SZLH508, ivumela inkxaso yokuxilonga kude. Ngelixa indawo ekude yeFjordfôr eTrøndelag yenza utyelelo lwenkonzo kwindawo lufuneke kakhulu, amandla okujonga kude avumela iqela lobuchwephesha laseHongyang eTshayina ukuba lihlole iiparameter zokusebenza kwaye lilumkise umthengi ngemiba enokubakho ngaphambi kokuba ifikelele kwixesha lokungasebenzi elingacwangciswanga. 6. Isiphelo: IiNorwegian Feed Mills ezizimeleyo kunye neCala lobuchwepheshe obuqhutywa yixabiso Ityala leFjordfôr libonisa ukuba abavelisi bokutya abazimeleyo kwiimarike ze-aquaculture ezivuthiweyo banokufikelela kumgangatho wepellet okumgangatho wehlabathi ngaphandle kokufumana inkcitho yemali edla ngokunxulunyaniswa nezixhobo ezivela eYurophu. I-Hongyang SZLH508 ring die pellet mill inikezele ngemilinganiselo yokuqina kwe-pellet kunye nokuzinza kwamanzi ehlangabezana okanye edlula imigangatho efunekayo ngabalimi bee-salmon baseNorway abaziingcali, ngelixa inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neendleko zokusebenza. Ngokubanzi, eli tyala libonisa umkhwa obonakalayo kwimarike yehlabathi yezixhobo ze-aquafeed: abavelisi abatyala imali kubunjineli obuthile kwisicelo - ii-compression ratios ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, i-dual-shaft conditioning, i-vacuum-hardened die metallurgy - banokunciphisa umsantsa wokusebenza ngeendlela ezibiza kakhulu ukuya kwinqanaba apho izigqibo zokuthenga eziqhutywa yixabiso zithwala umngcipheko omncinci wobugcisa. Kwi-Fjordfôr, utyalo-mali lwaseHongyang luqinise isikhundla salo sokhuphiswano kwimarike yokutya yaseTrøndelag. Le nkampani ibika ukuba imisebenzi emibini eyongezelelweyo yokulima i-salmon iye yasondela kuyo ukuze ifumane izivumelwano zokubonelela ngokutya ukusukela oko lo mgca mtsha waqala ukusebenza, ikhankanya ukuphuculwa okubonakalayo kumgangatho we-pellet kunye nenzuzo ye-FCR ebangelwe yiyo. Kwishishini le-aquaculture yaseNorway - apho yonke inqaku elisisiseko lokuphuculwa kwe-FCR liguqulela ekongeni iindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo kwinqanaba - umgangatho we-pellet awuyonto nje yobuchwephesha. Ngumahluko wezorhwebo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-19-2026
