ISISHWANKATHELO sebhunga
Olu phononongo lwetyala lubhala uyilo, ukufakelwa, kunye nokusebenza kweUmgca wemveliso yokutya kweenkukhu nemfuyo oyi-10-metric ton ngeyureIbonelelwe yiHongyang Feed Machinery kwifektri yokutya yorhwebo kwiPhondo lasePunjab, ePakistan. Yaqaliswa ekuqaleni kuka-2025, le ntambo yathatha indawo yesityalo esidala esine-4 t/h esasisele singumqobo kwindawo apho icandelo leenkukhu linikela malunga ne-PKR 350–450 yeebhiliyoni (i-US$1.2–1.5 yeebhiliyoni) ngonyaka kwaye ixhasa imisebenzi engaphezulu kwe-1.5 yezigidi (iPakistan Poultry Association, 2024). Idatha emva kokugunyaziswa evela kwifestile yemveliso yeentsuku ezingama-90 (ngoMatshi–Meyi 2025) ibonisa ukuphumelela okuqhubekayo kumthamo olinganisiweyo, amaxabiso e-pellet durability index (PDI) angama-96.2–97.8%, ukuxuba ukufana ngaphantsi kwe-5% CV, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla athile angama-41.3 kWh/t xa umthwalo ugcwele.
1. Imvelaphi yeMarike
Ishishini leenkukhu lasePakistan livelisa iitoni ze-metric eziqikelelwa kwi-1.25–1.40 yezigidi zeetoni zenyama yenkukhu ethengiswayo kunye namaqanda amalunga ne-18.5 yeebhiliyoni ngonyaka (uPhando lwezoQoqosho lwasePakistan, 2023–24).Iifektri ezingama-300zisebenza kuzwelonke ngomthamo odibeneyo ofakelweyo weetoni ezili-10-12 lezigidi ngonyaka, nangona ukusetyenziswa kwangempela kususela kwi-68-78% ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezinto eziluhlaza rhoqo — ingakumbi umgubo wombona kunye nesoya — kunye nokuphazamiseka kokunikezelwa kwamandla ngexesha elithile (iPakistan Feed Manufacturers Association, 2024).
I-mill echazwe apha ikwindawo yoshishino yaseFaisalabad, ekhonza imisebenzi yeenkuku ezidibeneyo, iifama ezizimeleyo ezikwinqanaba lokwalusa, kunye neefama zobisi zorhwebo ezitshintshela kwisondlo esisekelwe kwi-TMR. Izinto ezimbini ezisisiseko zaqhuba isigqibo sotyalo-mali ngo-2024-25: ukunyuka kwemfuno yokutya kwanyanzelisa umgca we-4 t/h ukuba usebenze kwi-105-110% yomthamo we-nameplate ngexesha lexesha eliphezulu, kunye nokuguquguquka kwexabiso lezinto eziluhlaza - amaxabiso ombona ePunjab atshintsha phakathi kwe-PKR 2,200 kunye ne-PKR 3,600 nge-maund nganye - kwenze ukusebenza kakuhle kokucubungula kwaba yinto ebalulekileyo.
2. Umngeni wabathengi kunye neemfuno zabo
Ulawulo lwefektri lukhuphe i-RFQ esemthethweni phakathi kowama-2024 enezi nkcukacha zobugcisa zilandelayo:
| Ipharamitha | Imfuneko yoMthengi |
|---|---|
| Ubungakanani bomthamo | 10 t/h (iipellets ezigqityiweyo) |
| Uluhlu lobungakanani bePellet | 2–8 mm (i-broiler, umaleko, iinkomo) |
| Isalathisi sokuqina kwePellet (PDI) | ≥95% (ASAE S269.4) |
| Ukuxuba ukulingana (CV) | ≤5% |
| Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla athile | ≤45 kWh/t (umgca opheleleyo) |
Imida yendawo yayiquka indawo yeholo yemveliso engama-28 m × 14 m (eyabelwana ngayo nomgca okhoyo), umthwalo wombane ovunyelweyo we-750 kVA, kunye nebhoyila ekhoyo ye-4 t/h evuthayo ngamalahle efuna kuphela ukuphuculwa kwentloko ukuze inike izilungisi ezintsha. Iprofayili yezinto eziluhlaza - umgubo wembotyi yesoya, kunye nengqolowa kunye nekhuba lerayisi njengezinto zokutshintsha ixesha lonyaka - yayifuna ukuguquguquka kokusila kumanqanaba obuninzi bokufuma (umbona: 13–16%).
3. Uvavanyo loBugcisa kunye noBume beZixhobo
I-Hongyang Feed Machinery yenze uvavanyo lweentsuku ezintathu kwindawo ngo-Okthobha 2024, igubungela uyilo, iziseko zombane, umthamo womphunga, kunye nokuphathwa kwezinto eziluhlaza. Uqwalaselo oluvelileyo lulandele i-ukuxuba ibhetshi, ukukhupha okuqhubekayoukuhamba kwenkqubo:
3.1 Izixhobo Eziphambili
| Icandelo | Izixhobo | Imodeli | Iinkcukacha zeSihluthulelo |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ukusila | Umatshini wokugaya isando ojikeleza iinyembezi | I-SDH-ZW50C | 132 kW, 1,480 rpm, 10–12 t/h kwisikrini se-3.0 mm |
| Ukuxuba | Umxube we-paddle one-shaft ephindwe kabini | I-SSHJ.2 | 18.5 kW, ibhetshi ye-2,000 L, i-CV ≤5% |
| Ukudibanisa | Isikali se-elektroniki esineebhini ezininzi | I-HY-PB-10 | Iibhini ezili-10, ukuchaneka kwe-±0.2% |
| Ukuphalaza | Isixhobo sokugalela ipellet esidiza indandatho | I-SZLH420 | 110 kW, i-die ID 420 mm, umthamo we-8–12 t/h |
| Ukulungisa imeko | Isicoci esineengqimba ezimbini | I-HY-CL420 | Ukugcinwa kwe-120–180 s, ukukhupha i-82–92°C |
| Ukupholisa | Isipholi sokuhamba kwamanzi esichaseneyo | I-SKLN6 | Ukukhupha amanzi ≤ kwindawo engqongileyo +5°C |
| Uvavanyo | Isihluzi sokulinganisa esijikelezayo | SFJH125 | Idekhi ezintathu, 3 kW |
| Ukupakisha | Isikali esizenzekelayo | SDBY-P | 10–50 kg/ingxowa, 10–12 iingxowa/umzuzu |
| Ukuqokelelwa kothuli | Isihluzi sebhegi yejethi yePulse | Uthotho lweTBLFa | Ukukhupha ≤20 mg/m³ |
3.2 Izigqibo Eziphambili Zobunjineli
Icebo Lokugaya
I-3.0 mm screen aperture yachazwa kwiifomyula zeenkukhu, yavelisa ubungakanani be-geometric a average particles obuyi-650–750 µm — yeyona ifanelekileyo kwi-broiler FCR (Amerah et al., 2007). Ukutya kweenkomo kusebenzise i-4.0 mm screen yokusila kakhulu.
Iinkcukacha zeRing Die
I-SZLH420 yayixhotyiswe ngemilinganiselo yokucinezelwa kwe-1:10 (i-broiler) kunye ne-1:12 (umaleko), ekhethwe kwisiseko sedatha seHongyang sokwenziwa ukuze ihambelane nokutya kwe-corn-soybean okumanzi kwe-14–16% okuxhaphakileyo ePunjab.
Ukugcinwa kweConditioner
Ukugcinwa kwe-double-layer conditioner kwimizuzwana eyi-150–180 kwi-10 t/h kudlula umda we-120-seconds odibene ne-starch gelatinization eyaneleyo (>30%) yokutya okusekwe kwi-corn-based feeds ephezulu ye-PDI (Thomas et al., 1998), okwamkela amanqanaba okufuma kwezinto eziluhlaza eziguquguqukayo zommandla.
4. Ukufakelwa kunye nokuQaliswa
Izixhobo ezithunyelwe zivela eLiyang, eTshayina, zafika kwiKarachi Port ngoDisemba 2024 zaza zathuthwa zaya eFaisalabad ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari 2025. Ukufakelwa kwagqitywa kwiintsuku ezingama-44 (nge-15 kaJanuwari ukuya kwi-28 kaFebruwari 2025), apho iinjineli ezimbini zoomatshini zaseHongyang kunye nenjineli enye yombane basebenze kunye neqela lokulungisa labathengi labantu abathandathu - icebo lokudlulisela ulwazi ngabom.
Ukuqaliswa komthetho kuqhubeke ngamanqanaba amathathu:
Oomatshini ngabanye baqinisekisiwe ukuba bajikelezisa, bangcangcazele, kwaye baneeparameter zombane. Ukungcangcazela kwe-pellet mill main bearing kulinganiswe yi-2.3 mm/s RMS — ngaphakathi kwemida ye-ISO 10816-3 Class III.
I-single-formulation isebenza kwi-4, 7, kunye ne-10 t/h kwi-broiler starter diet (CP 23%). Kwi-10 t/h, umthwalo we-pellet mill motor wawuyi-92–96% yamandla alinganisiweyo, ubushushu bokukhupha i-conditioner babuyi-88–91°C, kwaye i-PDI ifikelele kwi-96.4%.
Iifomyula zeLayer (CP 17%) kunye neenkomo (CP 14%) ziqinisekisile ukuba umgangatho weepellets uhambelana neemfuno zazo zontathu iindlela zokutya.
Inkqubo yoqeqesho lwabaqhubi beeyure ezingama-40 yayigubungela uhlolo lwemihla ngemihla, ulandelelwano lokuqalisa/lokuvala, ukulungiswa komphunga, iinkqubo zokutshintsha isikrini kunye nokutshintsha idayisi, kunye nokusombulula iingxaki ezisisiseko. Izixhobo zoqeqesho zibonelelwe ngesiNgesi nangesi-Urdu, zongezwa yincwadi yesikhokelo yokusebenza eprintiweyo.
5. Iziphumo Zokusebenza(Ifestile Yeentsuku Ezingama-90: Matshi–Meyi 2025)
5.1 Ubungakanani bomsebenzi
| Ukwenziwa kwefomyula | Umndilili (t/h) | Uluhlu | Ukusetyenziswa |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-Broiler (3–4 mm) | 10.2 | 9.4–10.8 | 102% |
| Umaleko (4–5 mm) | 9.8 | 9.1–10.5 | 98% |
| Iinkomo (6–8 mm) | 10.6 | 9.8–11.2 | 106% |
5.2 Umgangatho wePellet kunye nokuSebenza kakuhle kwamandla
| Ukwenziwa kwefomyula | I-PDI (Umyinge ± SD) | Amandla athile (kWh/t) |
|---|---|---|
| I-Broiler | 96.8% ± 0.7% | 41.3 |
| Umaleko | 96.2% ± 0.9% | 42.1 |
| Iinkomo | 95.4% ± 1.1% | 39.8 |
Ukuxuba ukulingana, okuvavanywe nge-CV yeprotheyini eluhlaza kwiibhetshi zenkukhu ezingama-30 kunye neebhetshi ezili-18, umyinge we-4.3% kunye ne-4.6% ngokulandelelanayo - zombini ngaphakathi kwethagethi ye-≤5% (ASAE D241.4).
5.3 Isishwankathelo sokuSebenza
| I-Metric | Ithagethi | Kuphunyeziwe | Imeko |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubungakanani bomsebenzi | 10.0 t/h | 9.8–10.6 t/h | Kugqithiwe |
| I-PDI | ≥95% | 95.4–96.8% | Kugqithiwe |
| Ukuxuba i-CV | ≤5% | 4.1–4.8% | Kugqithiwe |
| Amandla athile | ≤45 kWh/t | 39.8–42.1 kWh/t | Kugqithiwe |
| Izinga lokwakheka kwepellet | ≥95% | 96.5% (umndilili) | Kugqithiwe |
6. Inkxaso yeNkonzo kunye neNkxaso emva koThengiso
UHongyang unikezele ngezixhobo zokuqala ezingasetyenziswayo (i-US$18,500), kuquka iseti epheleleyo yeehammer, ii-ring dies ezimbini, iseti enye yeeroller, iibheringi, kunye neeseal — ezinobungakanani beeyure zokusebenza ezili-1,200. Kwabelwa umntu othetha isiNgesi oza kuncedisa nge-WhatsApp kunye ne-imeyile esebenzisa i-remote. Kwiintsuku zokuqala ezingama-90, iiseshoni ezintathu ezikude zasombulula i-alamu yokungcangcazela engeyiyo, ukulungiswa koxinzelelo lomphunga kwi-corn enomswakama ophezulu (16.2%), kunye nokulungiswa kodamper emva kokutshintsha isikrini. Isivumelwano sokubonelela sichaza ukuthunyelwa kwenjineli kwindawo yokusebenza kweentsuku ezili-10 kwimicimbi engenakusonjululwa kude; ukusukela ngoMeyi 2025, akukho tyelelo kwindawo luye lwafuneka.
7. Isiphelo
Ufakelo lwe-feed line ye-10 t/h eFaisalabad lubonisa ukuba inkqubo ye-ring die pelleting echazwe kakuhle inokubonelela ngemveliso enokulinganiselwa, umgangatho we-pellet, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kwishishini lokutya lasePakistan. Zintathu izinto eziqhubele phambili impumelelo yeprojekthi:
Ukuchazwa ngokuchanekileyo kwemida yendawo ngaphambi kokuthengiswa (amandla, umphunga, indawo)
Ukulungiswa kweparameter yenkqubo ngexesha lokugunyaziswa, ngakumbi ixesha lokugcina i-conditioner kunye neenkcukacha zokufa
Uqeqesho lwabaqhubi olugcine ukusebenza kwesigaba sokugunyaziswa kwimveliso eqhelekileyo
KwiHongyang Feed Machinery, olu nxibelelwano luqinisa ixabiso lokuphatha ukunikezelwa kwezixhobo njengenkonzo edibeneyo yobunjineli beenkqubo endaweni yokuthengisa ngokwentengiselwano. Njengoko icandelo leenkukhu lasePakistan lisanda nge-8–12% ngonyaka, amandla okubonelela ngeziphumo zemveliso ezithembekileyo nezibhaliweyo aya kuhlala eyinto ephambili yokwahlula kule marike.
Iireferensi
- UAmerah, AM, et al. (2007). Ubungakanani bentwana yokutya: Impembelelo ekugayweni nasekusebenzeni kweenkukhu.Ijenali yeSayensi yeeNkukhu yeHlabathi, 63(3), 439–455.
- Uphando lwezoQoqosho lwasePakistan (2023–24). UMphathiswa wezeMali, uRhulumente wasePakistan.
- Umbutho Wabavelisi Bokutya basePakistan (2024).Ingxelo Yonyaka Yeshishini.
- Umbutho weeNkukhu zasePakistan (2024).Igalelo leCandelo leeNkuku kuQoqosho lweSizwe.
- UThomas, M., et al. (1998). Umgangatho womzimba wokutya kwezilwanyana ezifakwe iipellet. 2.Isayensi kunye neTekhnoloji yokutya kwezilwanyana, 70(3), 235–250.
- I-ASAE S269.4, S319.3, D241.4; ISO 10816-3.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-27-2026
