ISISHWANKATHELO sebhunga
Icandelo leehagu laseColombia liphakathi kolwando oluqhubekayo, apho imveliso yehagu yesizwe ifikelela kwiitoni ezingama-663,875 ngo-2025 - ukwanda kwe-9.1% kunonyaka ophelileyo - kwaye imveliso yokutya okudityanisiweyo kwicandelo leehagu ibandakanya i-26.5% yemveliso yokutya iyonke ye-13.2 yezigidi zeetoni zelizwe, ngokutsho kwedatha ye-ANDI kunye ne-DANE. Kule meko ikhula kakhulu, abavelisi beehagu abadibeneyo abasebenza kwiifektri zabo zokutya bajongene nomsebenzi obalulekileyo: ukuveliswa okuqhubekayo, okungaphazanyiswayo. Olu phononongo lwetyala luhlola ukusebenza kweehagu okudityaniswe ngokuthe nkqo e-Antioquia — isebe elikhulu leehagu eColombia, elinegalelo kwi-41.8% yemveliso yesizwe — elithathe indawo yee-OEM ring dies zalo ngee-custom-engineered dies ezivela kwiLiyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. Kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu zovavanyo, ii-die zaseHongyang zigcine i-10 tonnes per hour throughput ezinzileyo ngaphandle kokwehla kwe-throughput okulinganiselweyo okubangelwa kukuguga kwee-die, i-delivered pellet durability index (PDI) efikelela kuma-94.2%, kwaye yandisa ubomi benkonzo yee-die obusebenzayo malunga ne-40% xa kuthelekiswa nomthengisi wangaphambili. Ixabiso le-die ngetoni nganye yokutya okuvelisiweyo lehle nge-16%.
1. Icandelo lokuTya kweeHagu laseColombia: Isikali, Uxinzelelo, kunye noBume boZinzo
Ishishini lokutya kwezilwanyana laseColombia livelise iitoni ezili-13.2 lezigidi ngo-2025, ukunyuka kwama-20.2% unyaka nonyaka okudlule kakhulu izinga lokukhula eliphakathi kweminyaka emihlanu le-7.1%, ngokwe-ANDI Sectoral Chamber of the Animal Feed Industry. Ukutya kwehagu kube yi-26.5% yale iyonke - malunga neetoni ezizizigidi ezi-3.5 - nto leyo eyenza ukuba libe lelona candelo lesibini ngobukhulu lokutya emva kweenkukhu.
Ijografi yemveliso igxile kakhulu. I-Antioquia yodwa inegalelo kwi-41.8% yemveliso yehagu yaseColombia, apho iBogotá (15.1%), iValle del Cauca (15.2%), kunye neMeta (10.2%) zibangela uninzi lwentsalela. Ukutya kwehagu eColombia kuyaqhubeka nokunyuka, kodwa inyama yehagu engeniswe kwamanye amazwe - iitoni ezili-176,758 ngo-2025, ikakhulu ezivela eMelika (69.3%), eKhanada (14.8%), naseChile (11.6%) - igcina uxinzelelo kubavelisi basekhaya ukuba bakhuphisane ngexabiso kunye nomgangatho.
Kwimisebenzi yeehagu edibeneyo egaya ukutya kwayo, i-pellet mill yeyona nto iphambili kwinkqubo yonke yesondlo. Nakuphi na ukuguquguquka kokuphuma, ukujika komgangatho, okanye ukumiswa okungacwangciswanga kungena ngqo kwiindawo zokugcina ukutya. Kwishishini apho ukutya kumela i-65-70% yeendleko zemveliso iyonke kwaye apho ukuhambelana kobunzima bokugqiba kuyimilinganiselo ephambili yorhwebo, ukuzinza kwemveliso akusiyo "nto imnandi ukuba nayo" - sisiseko sokusebenza.
2. Ingxaki yoMthengi: Ukuphuma kwemali kuyaphela kwaye iindleko ziyanda njengoko esweleka ekhulile
Isihloko solu phononongo sisifundo somvelisi weehagu odityaniswe ngokuthe nkqo onekomkhulu elise-Antioquia. Lo msebenzi uquka ukuzalisa, ukugcina iintsana, ukukhulisa nokugqiba, kunye nomzi-mveliso wokutya owakhiwe malunga nomzi-mveliso wepellet owenziwe eYurophu onomthamo olinganiselweyo weetoni ezili-10 ngeyure. Lo mzi-mveliso uvelisa ukutya kweehagu zokukhulisa nezokugqiba - ikakhulu iifomyula zomgubo wesoya kunye neembotyi zombona ezine-14-16% yeproteni ekrwada, i-3.0-3.5% yamafutha akrwada, kunye ne-5-7% yefayibha ekrwada - yokusetyenziswa ngaphakathi kunye nenethiwekhi yabalimi abaqeshwe ngemvumelwano.
Kangangeminyaka eliqela, lo matshini wawufumana ii-ring dies kumenzi wezixhobo zokuqala ze-pellet mill. Nangona ezi dies zazisebenza ngokwamkelekileyo kwisithathu sokuqala sobomi bazo benkonzo, umphathi wemveliso womatshini uchonge indlela ephindaphindayo eyayitshabalalisa ukuzithemba kokusebenza:
Ukufiphala komthamo wombane oqala malunga neeyure ezingama-500 zokusebenza. I-OEM iyafa, echazwe ngobubanzi bomngxuma obuyi-4.5 mm kunye nomlinganiselo woxinzelelo oqhelekileyo we-1:9, inike i-10.0–10.2 t/h ngexesha lokuqalisa kokuqala kunye neeyure zokuqala ezingama-400–500. Ngaphaya kweli nqanaba, ukufiphala komthamo kwaqala ukwehla — kancinci ekuqaleni, emva koko kwakhawuleza ngakumbi — kufikelela kwi-9.0–9.2 t/h ngeeyure ezingama-700 kwaye kwehla ngaphantsi kwe-8.5 t/h ngexesha lokutshintshwa komthamo wombane malunga neeyure ezingama-850–950. Indlela ehla kancinci kancinci ngayo yenza kwaba nzima ukuyicwangcisa: yayingekuko ukusilela okukhulu kodwa yayikukuphuma kancinci kwamandla okuvelisa.
Ukunyuka komthamo wezohlwayo kwiipellets ezigqityiweyo. Iizohlwayo ezilinganiswe ekukhutshweni kwenyama epholileyo zinyuke ukusuka kwi-2.5–3.0% kunye ne-die entsha ukuya kwi-6–8% kumanqanaba okugqibela obomi benyama. Kwinkqubo yokutya ihagu, izohlwayo ezigqithisileyo zenza iziphumo ezininzi ezimbi: ukwahlulwa kokutya kwiibhini ezinkulu nakwiinkqubo zokuhambisa, ukunciphisa ukuncasa, kunye nokwanda okulinganiselweyo kokuchithwa kokutya kwindawo yokusela. Ingcali yesondlo se-mill iqikelele ukuba ukunyuka ngakunye kwe-1% kwizohlwayo kunxulumene nesohlwayo sokuguqulwa kokutya (FCR) malunga namanqaku angama-0.01–0.02 kwiihagu ezikhula zikhule.
Utshintsho lweedayi olungacwangciswanga luphazamisa iishedyuli zemveliso. Njengoko ubomi botshintsho obusebenzayo bufikelela kwiiyure ezingama-850-950, umzi-mveliso wawutshintsha iidayi ezijikelezayo rhoqo kwiiveki ezintlanu ukuya kwezintandathu. Utshintsho ngalunye luchithe iiyure ezi-3-4 zexesha lemveliso — malunga neetoni ezingama-30-40 zemveliso elahlekileyo ngesiganeko ngasinye — kunye nomsebenzi kunye nokungqubana kwempahla yokugcina isitokhwe sokhuseleko lweedayi ezitshintshiweyo ezithunyelwa zivela eYurophu.
3. Uvavanyo loBunjineli baseHongyang kunye neNkcukacha zoDie
Ekuqaleni kuka-2025, iqela lokusebenza lefektri laqalisa unxibelelwano neLiyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. ngonxibelelwano lorhwebo lweshishini. Endaweni yokucaphula nje kwingcaciso efanayo, iqela lobuchwephesha laseHongyang lacela idatha yokusebenza eneenkcukacha kwaye lenze uphononongo olucwangcisiweyo ngaphambi kokuba licebise i-die eyenzelwe wena:
- Uhlalutyo lwendlela yokutya: isiseko somgubo wombona-wesoya onamafutha aphakathi (3.0–3.5%) kunye nefayibha (5–7%)
- Ubungakanani besuntswana lokusila: ububanzi obuphakathi bejometri obuyi-650–700 μm (injongo yomlinganiselo wabalimi beehagu nabagqibezeli bazo)
- Iiparamitha zokulungisa: ukulungisa umphunga kwi-75–80°C kunye nexesha lokugcina imizuzwana engama-45–60
- Idatha yokusebenza kwepellet mill: iiprofayili zomthwalo wemoto, iilog zokuphuma, kunye nokulinganiswa kwembali yokuguguleka kweedayi ezivela kwimijikelo emithandathu edlulileyo yotshintsho lweedayi.
Ngokusekelwe kolu vavanyo, uHongyang uchaze i-ring die eyenziwe ngokwezifiso enezi parameter zilandelayo:
Ipharamitha Yangaphambili I-OEM Die Hongyang Custom Die
Ububanzi obungaphakathi be-die × ububanzi bokusebenza 520 mm × 180 mm 520 mm × 180 mm
Ububanzi bomngxuma 4.5 mm 4.5 mm
Umlinganiselo woxinzelelo olusebenzayo 1:9 (oluqhelekileyo) 1:9.5 (olulungiselelwe ukwenziwa)
Uyilo lokungena kwemingxuma Isinki esiqhelekileyo sokuncedisa esithambileyo (i-engile yokungena encitshisiweyo)
Izinto ezisetyenziswayo X46Cr13 (ezilingana ne-AISI 420) 4Cr13 ezine-vacuum hardening
Ukuqina kwe-HRC 52–54 (eyahlulwe ngumphezulu) i-HRC 55–57 (eyahlulwe ngokulinganayo)
Ukugqitywa komphezulu wemingxuma Egqojozwe ngemipu eqhelekileyo Egqojozwe ngemipu + Ukuhombisa okunemigangatho emininzi ukuya kwiRa ≤ 0.4 μm
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ezahlulahlulayo zazithathu: okokuqala, inkqubo yokuqinisa i-vacuum ibonelela ngobunzima obufanayo kuyo yonke indawo ye-die — kungekuphela nje kumphezulu wokusebenza wangaphakathi — ukuqinisekisa ukuba njengoko i-die yayinxiba, izinga lokuguguleka lihlala lifana endaweni yokukhawulezisa xa umaleko womphezulu oqinileyo utyiwe. Okwesibini, umlinganiselo wokucinezelwa ophakanyisiweyo kancinci (1:9.5 vs. 1:9) ukhethwe ukuze kuphuculwe i-starch gelatinization kwifomyula ethile ye-corn-soy, kuphucula ukubopha kwe-pellet ngaphandle kokuvelisa ubushushu obugqithisileyo okanye ukutsalwa kwamandla e-parasitic. Okwesithathu, i-tapered relief inlet geometry — uphawu loyilo apho i-hole inlet ikhululeka kancinci kunokuba i-countersunk ngequbuliso — kunciphisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu olufunekayo ukunyanzela ukutya kwimingxunya ye-die, kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye noxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kwizinto ze-die.
4. Iziphumo Zokusebenza Zeenyanga Ezintandathu
I-die yokuqala ye-ring yaseHongyang yafakwa ngoJuni ka-2025. Iqela lemveliso yefektri lilandelele ukusebenza kwexesha elipheleleyo lovavanyo lweenyanga ezintandathu oluquka imijikelo emibini epheleleyo yenkonzo ye-die. Iziphumo zibhalwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Uzinzo lokuhamba
Olu yayiluphuculo olubalulekileyo nolunempembelelo kwezorhwebo. I-die yaseHongyang igcine iitoni ezili-10.0–10.1 ngeyure kulo lonke ixesha lokusebenza elisebenzayo leeyure ezili-1,300 ngaphandle kokwehla komthamo wokuhamba okulinganiselweyo ngokwezibalo. Ukutsalwa kwamandla enjini kuhlale ngaphakathi koluhlu lokusebenza oluchaziweyo lomenzi (85–92% yomthwalo olinganisiweyo) kuzo zonke iindawo zokulinganisa, okuqinisekisa ukuba umlinganiselo woxinzelelo lwe-1:9.5 awuzange ubeke iindleko zamandla ezibangelwa yiparasite. Ukufiphala komthamo wokuhamba kancinci kancinci okwakuphawule ukufa kwe-OEM yangaphambili - okuyehla ukusuka kwi-10 t/h ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-9 t/h ngexesha lobomi bokuhamba - kwasuswa ngempumelelo.
Umgangatho wePellet
I-PDI, elinganiswe kusetyenziswa indlela eqhelekileyo ye-Kansas State University tumbling can, ifikelele kumyinge we-94.2% kubomi bonke bokufa, kunye noluhlu lwe-93.5–95.0%. Umxholo we-fines kwi-cooler discharge umyinge we-2.8%, xa kuthelekiswa noluhlu lwe-2.5–8.0% kunye ne-OEM dies. Uzinzo lomgangatho we-pellet ngokuhamba kwexesha - endaweni yokuba yincopho ephezulu elandelwa kukwehla kwexesha elide - yayiyeyona nzuzo iphambili yomgangatho ngokwembono ye-mill.
Ubomi kunye noQoqosho
I-die yokuqala yaseHongyang isusiwe kwiiyure ezili-1,300 — kungengenxa yokusilela komgangatho kodwa njengotshintsho olucwangcisiweyo olusekelwe kwikhalenda yokukhusela yomatshini wokucoca. Ukulinganiswa kokunxiba kubonise ukuba iiyure ezili-100–150 zobomi benkonzo esebenzayo zisele, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ixesha lokutshintshwa elisebenzayo leeyure ezili-1,350–1,400. Oku kubonisa malunga nolwandiso lwama-40–45% kwixesha lokutshintshwa elidlulileyo leeyure ezingama-850–950. Ngexabiso elihanjiswayo elingaphantsi nge-12% kune-dies ze-OEM, i-die yaseHongyang inciphise ixabiso le-die ngetoni nganye yokutya okuveliswe ukusuka kwi-USD 2.70 ukuya kwi-USD 2.27 — ukuncipha kwe-16%.
Impembelelo Ephantsi Kwindlela Esebenzayo Yeehagu
Nangona olu phononongo lwetyala lungakhange lubandakanye uvavanyo lokutya olulawulwayo, ingcali yesondlo sefama ilandele idatha ye-FCR kwinqanaba lefama ngaphambi nasemva kotshintsho lokufa lwaseHongyang, isebenzisa imihlambi yemfuza efanayo kunye nemeko yempilo. Idatha edityanisiweyo icebisa ukuphuculwa kwe-FCR malunga namanqaku angama-0.03–0.04 kwiihagu ezikhula zigqibele (umz., ukusuka kwi-2.68 ukuya kwi-2.65). Nangona izinto ezininzi zichaphazela i-FCR kwaye ukuchazwa ngokuchanekileyo akunakwenzeka, ukuncipha kwesohlwayo kwisondlo esigqityiweyo - kunye nokunciphisa okufanelekileyo kokuchithakala kokutya kunye nokwahlulwahlulwa - kuchongiwe njengento enokuba negalelo. Kwivolumu yemveliso yonyaka yomsebenzi, nokuba ukuphuculwa kwe-0.03 FCR kuthetha ukuba malunga ne-USD 35,000–45,000 kwindleko zokutya zonyaka.
5. Imodeli yeNkonzo kaHongyang: Ubunjineli Ngaphambi koThengiso
Umphathi wemveliso wale fektri uchonge iinkalo ezimbini zokubandakanyeka kweHongyang ezahlula ubudlelwane babathengisi bangaphambili:
Uphononongo lobuchwephesha olukude ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa. Ngaphambi kokuba idayi yokuqala ithunyelwe, iinjineli zaseHongyang zenze uhlolo oluncediswa yividiyo lwendibano yeroller ye-pellet mill, indlela yokwenza i-die clamp, kunye ne-conditioner discharge gate. Oku kuchonge i-roller shell eyayisondela esiphelweni sexesha layo elicetyiswayo lenkonzo - iinkcukacha ezingadibaniyo nedayi yeringi ngokwayo kodwa leyo, ukuba ingashiywanga ingalungiswanga, yayiza kubangela ukusasazwa koxinzelelo olungalinganiyo kwaye ibeke emngciphekweni ukusebenza kwayo nayiphi na idayisi entsha, nokuba injani na umgangatho.
Impahla yesithili kunye nothutho. IHongyang igcina uluhlu olukhulayo lwee-ring dies ezichazwe ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimodeli ze-pellet mill zaseLatin America, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwempahla emoyeni kumazibuko amakhulu aseColombia kwiintsuku ezisi-8-12 zokusebenza. Kwi-mill yase-Antioquia, eli xesha lokubonelela linciphile xa lithelekiswa nee-dies ezivela eYurophu ezithunyelwa ngempahla yolwandle kwaye zigqitywe ngerhafu eCartagena - inkqubo eyayithathe iiveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu ngaphambili.
6. Isiphelo
Ishishini leehagu laseColombia likwinqanaba lokukhula ngokwesakhiwo. Imveliso yokutya kwicandelo leehagu idlule kwi-3.5 yezigidi zeetoni ngo-2025 kwaye kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke nokukhula njengoko ukusetyenziswa kwehagu ngomntu ngamnye kusanda kwaye abavelisi basekhaya bekhuphisana nemveliso engeniswa kwamanye amazwe. Kule meko, ukuthembeka kwefektri yokufuya akuyonto ibalulekileyo - sisixhobo sorhwebo. Iyure nganye yemveliso ezinzileyo nehambelanayo iguqulela ngokuthe ngqo ekugqityweni kokusetyenziswa kweshelufu, ukuqina kobunzima, kunye nokukhuphisana ngeendleko.
Ityala le-Antioquia libonisa ukuba ukusebenza kwe-ring die akumiselwanga kuphela ludumo lomenzi wezixhobo okanye ilizwe lemvelaphi. I-die eyenzelwe ukwenziwa okuthile, iimeko zokusebenza, kunye neethagethi zokusebenza ze-mill nganye nganye inokuphumelela ngaphezu kwecandelo le-OEM eliqhelekileyo - nokuba lifakwe kwi-pellet mill efanayo. Indlela kaHongyang - ukukhethwa kwe-formula-specific compression ratio, ukuqina kwe-vacuum ukuze kubekho ubunzima obufanayo, i-tapered relief inlet geometry, kunye novavanyo lobunjineli ngaphambi kwengcebiso - kwenze ukuba i-Antioquia mill ifikelele kuzinzo lwe-throughput, ubomi be-die obongezelelweyo, iindleko eziphantsi ngetoni nganye, kunye nophuculo olulinganisekayo ekusetyenzisweni kokutya okusezantsi.
Njengoko abavelisi beehagu abadibeneyo kulo lonke elaseLatin America befuna ukuphucula imisebenzi yabo yokusila ukutya, i-ring die - into edla ngokuphathwa njengento eqhelekileyo - ifanelwe kukuphathwa njenge-asethi yesicwangciso ecwangcisiweyo ngokuchanekileyo. Idatha evela kolu phononongo lwetyala ibonisa ukuba ukwenza njalo kunokuvelisa imbuyekezo engaphezulu kakhulu komahluko wexabiso eliphantsi phakathi kwe-generic die kunye neyo eyenzelwe injongo.
*Olu phononongo lwetyala lusekelwe kwidatha yokusebenza eqokelelwe phakathi kukaJuni noDisemba 2025 kwindawo yokutya kweehagu e-Antioquia, eColombia. Iinkcukacha zendlela yokutya, amanani athile okukhupha ngaphandle kwemigangatho echaziweyo, kunye nedatha yokusebenza eyiyo iye yaveliswa ngokubanzi ukukhusela ubumfihlo bomthengi. Zonke izibalo zoshishino ezikhankanyiweyo zithathwe kwidatha efumanekayo esidlangalaleni epapashwe yi-ANDI (Sectoral Chamber of the Animal Feed Industry), i-DANE (iSebe leSizwe loLawulo lwezeeNkcukacha-manani laseColombia), kunye ne-Porkcolombia ukususela ekuqaleni kuka-2026. Iinkcukacha ze-Hongyang ring die zibonisa iimveliso ezisemgangathweni ezifumanekayo ukususela kwi-Q2 2025.*
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-30-2026
